New York Paralegal Blog

1. The "Fighting Words" Doctrine In the legal sphere, the U.S. Supreme Court established in Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire that certain words—by their very utterance—inflict injury or tend to incite an immediate breach of the peace. These are not protected as a meaningful "exposition of ideas." When we look at the history of the N-word, we see the ultimate example of words used to incite state-sanctioned and extrajudicial violence. 2. Modern Compliance and Workplace Standards Today, in the world of corporate compliance and paralegal practice, the use of dehumanizing language is recognized as a primary driver of "hostile work environments." We have moved from a time where such words were ignored by the law to an era where their use can be grounds for significant legal liability under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. 3. The Paralegal’s Role in Justice As legal professionals, our duty is to ensure that the law serves as a shield for the vulnerable,...

The legal world, and the business community at large, was rocked this week by the unsealing of an indictment in the Southern District of New York. As a professional who has spent years in both banking and law, I have seen my fair share of financial misconduct; however, the allegations against Patrick and Edward James, the masterminds behind First Brands Group, are on a scale that is truly difficult to comprehend. This isn’t just a story about numbers on a balance sheet; it is a story about a massive breach of trust that has left a multi-billion dollar hole in our economy. The Mechanics of the Deception According to the Department of Justice, the James brothers didn’t just make a few mistakes; they engineered a "Ponzi-like" scheme to keep their automotive empire afloat. While the company claimed to be a global success with $5 billion in annual sales, the reality behind the curtain was a hollow shell. The defendants allegedly used several sophisticated methods to de...

In the study of American history, few words carry the visceral, destructive power of the N-word. While some may attempt to dismiss it as "just a word" or a relic of the past, a deeper look at its historical application reveals a much more sinister function. It was never just a slur; it was a linguistic tool of dehumanization—a necessary psychological precursor to the physical violence of slavery and Jim Crow. To understand why this word remains so uniquely harmful, we must look at how it was used by those who sought to strip others of their personhood. A Tool for Moral Disengagement Dehumanization is the process of depriving a person or group of positive human qualities. Historically, the "slave master" utilized this word to transform a human being into "property." By labeling a person with this slur, the perpetrator creates a psychological distance. This distance allowed for a horrific contradiction: a person could commit acts of extreme viole...

From the Boardroom to the Classroom When I worked for Chase, people used to ask me a question that always caught me off guard: "Why do you sound like a white boy?" It was a jarring thing to hear, but it was usually followed by a second hurdle. Whenever I demonstrated superior technical skills—solving a complex problem or navigating a difficult system—the reaction wasn't just praise; it was a confused, "How did you know how to do that?" But the most revealing moment of how the system truly views Black professionals came when I acted with the same confidence as my peers. When I was assertive, firm, and stood my ground—traits that were praised as "leadership" and "ambition" in my white counterparts—it was met with a different label. I was called an "arrogant [n-word]." These experiences aren't just isolated insults. They are the "dictionary practices" of systemic racism in action. They define the "correct...

We’ve seen it time and again: a high-powered executive who believes their professional status and wealth create a shield of invincibility. But as the recent news from the Southern District of New York proves, even the most influential figures can’t outrun the law forever. The guilty plea of Edward Gene Smith, a former senior bank executive, isn’t just a headline—it’s a stark breakdown of how systemic predation meets federal justice. The Pattern of Exploitation Smith didn’t just commit crimes; he followed a calculated "playbook" for over a decade. From 2012 to 2024, he allegedly used his access and financial resources to lure, drug, and assault multiple women. What stands out most—and what is most chilling—is the intersection of different types of criminal behavior: The Use of Substances: Using Klonopin to incapacitate victims isn't just assault; it's a specific federal violation under the Drug-Induced Rape Prevention and Punishment Act. Interstate Enticeme...

  The $4.5 Million Military Shakedown: Why the Butler Conviction Matters The federal government just sent a loud message to every contractor trying to treat the U.S. Military like a personal ATM. Jason Butler, a fuel supplier out of Florida, was just hit with a 34-count felony conviction for orchestrating a massive fraud against the Navy and Coast Guard. We need to look past the headlines and understand exactly how this happened and why it’s a systemic failure. The Scam: Exploiting the Blind Spots Butler didn't just overcharge for fuel; he manipulated the SEA Card Program—the system warships use for global refueling. He didn't just play with numbers; he manufactured reality. The Phantom Fees: He submitted dozens of fake invoices for "cancellation fees" and "ancillary expenses" that never existed. In one case, he billed nearly $900,000 for a single fake fee. The Identity Shell Game: When the Navy started asking questions, Butler didn't back do...

  Let’s get one thing straight: When you’re at the top, the world isn't looking for a hand up; they’re looking for a hand in your pocket. Tyler Perry has spent years building an empire, but he’s currently paying a $337 million "stupid tax" for one simple reason:  He let the wrong people into his orbit.  We’ve seen this script before, and it always ends with a billionaire in a courtroom and a "nobody" looking for a payday. The Danger of the "Open Door" The stories coming out of these lawsuits from Derek Dixon and Mario Rodriguez aren't just sensational—they’re a blueprint for how to get shakedown-ready. Dixon wasn't a peer. He wasn't even a professional actor found through a legitimate agency. He was  the help.  He was working the staff at a party when Perry decided to play fairy godfather and pluck him out of the crowd. This is where the mistake happens. When you approach a waiter or a gym trainer and hand them a golden ticket, ...

For decades, the path to a meaningful job for Black and minority Americans was protected by laws that looked not just at intention, but at results. In 2026, those protections are shifting; from the halls of the EEOC to the Supreme Court, a new era of "colorblind" law is emerging, and it carries hidden dangers for minority employment. 1. The Big Shift: Goodbye to "Disparate Impact" Historically, you didn’t have to find a "smoking gun" memo saying "Don't hire Black people" to win a discrimination case. Under a rule called Disparate Impact, you only had to prove that a company’s "neutral" policy, such as requiring a credit check or a degree for a job that doesn't need one, unfairly screened out Black applicants. The 2026 Reality: The Department of Justice and the EEOC have signaled a retreat from these cases. Now, the law is moving toward an "intent-only" framework; if a company uses a "Bachelor’s Degree ...

You may have seen the headlines about President Trump’s recent airstrikes in Nigeria or heard about the sudden ICE crackdown on Somali communities in Minnesota. At first glance, these seem like two completely separate events happening on opposite sides of the globe. However, when you connect the dots, a calculated strategy emerges—one that blends celebrity influence, viral social media, and a high-stakes race for natural resources. 1. The "Christmas Present" in Nigeria On Christmas Day 2025, President Trump ordered Tomahawk missile strikes in northwest Nigeria. While the administration framed this as a "Christmas present" to protect persecuted Christians from "terrorist scum," the situation is far more complex: The Nicki Minaj Factor: This wasn't a sudden military whim. For months, pop icon Nicki Minaj had been laying the groundwork. From her speech at the UN to her appearance at Turning Point USA (TPUSA) on December 21, she provided the ...